Deprecated: Return type of DrupalCacheArray::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc on line 362

Deprecated: Return type of DrupalCacheArray::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc on line 369

Deprecated: Return type of DrupalCacheArray::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc on line 381

Deprecated: Return type of DrupalCacheArray::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc on line 388

Deprecated: Return type of DatabaseCondition::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/query.inc on line 1700

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 596

Deprecated: substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 674

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: Optional parameter $input declared before required parameter $form_state is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/date/date_popup/date_popup.module on line 266

Deprecated: Optional parameter $data declared before required parameter $name is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 229

Deprecated: Optional parameter $data declared before required parameter $name is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 259

Deprecated: Optional parameter $file declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 837

Deprecated: Optional parameter $account declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 837

Deprecated: Optional parameter $entity declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 857

Deprecated: Optional parameter $account declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 857

Deprecated: Optional parameter $values declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 865

Deprecated: Optional parameter $view_mode declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 971

Deprecated: Optional parameter $langcode declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/entity/modules/callbacks.inc on line 971

Deprecated: Optional parameter $input declared before required parameter $form_state is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/all/modules/multiupload_filefield_widget/multiupload_filefield_widget.field.inc on line 134

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593

Deprecated: mb_substr(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/unicode.inc on line 593
Ana Muñoz | Ligalismo

Mensaje de error

  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_environment_initialize() (line 695 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_environment_initialize() (line 696 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_environment_initialize() (line 697 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_environment_initialize() (line 700 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_environment_initialize() (line 702 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in include_once() (line 345 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/default/settings.php).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in include_once() (line 346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/default/settings.php).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in include_once() (line 354 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/default/settings.php).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in include_once() (line 361 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/sites/default/settings.php).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_settings_initialize() (line 819 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_settings_initialize() (line 828 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Warning: session_name(): Session name cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in drupal_settings_initialize() (line 831 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementBase::execute($args = [], $options = []) should either be compatible with PDOStatement::execute(?array $params = null): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2244 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).
  • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2346 of /home/cohistor/ligalismo/includes/database/database.inc).

Ana Muñoz

Dicen que el arte está relacionado con la emoción. Con sentir algo que te remueve por dentro cuando estás observando algo que te emociona, como si te conectase con una parte casi mágica, que fue creada para un propósito transcendente. En muchas ocasiones el arte nos cautiva y nos lleva a reflexionar sobre qué pensó el autor cuando creó una obra determinada. Y en las mejores ocasiones, nos olvidamos del autor y nos centramos en disfrutar de la obra de arte como si fuese un mundo paralelo por explorar, sin importar su origen, sino el destino a donde nos lleve. El arte en la ciencia es justo así.
Tengo la teoría que todo científico enamorado de la ciencia es capaz de ver arte en los pequeños detalles de su día a día. Mirar una colonia de bacterias a través de un microscopio significa entre otras cosas observar una coreografía improvisada llamada “movimiento browniano”. Las bacterias se mueven aleatoriamente por la gota de agua en la que flotan. Pero lo hacen de manera tan ordenada que parece estar previamente ensayado, como si no dejasen nada al azar. Y si nos alejamos de los prejuicios y los estereotipos frente a estos pequeños organismos, resulta absolutamente hipnótico y hermoso.
A una escala mucho más “macro”, los científicos que estudian el universo se entusiasman mirando movimientos de ondas invisibles al ojo humano o planetas que están a miles de años luz. Las fotografías que toman los telescopios espaciales son verdaderas obras de arte, en las que los científicos no solo ven belleza, sino significado. Escuchar a un científico que estudia las tormentas solares hablar de cómo se forman o cómo afectan a nuestra vida, es una forma diferente de escuchar recitar una poesía. Las ideas fluyen con el objetivo de comprender el Universo, pero también consiguen, a través del nuevo conocimiento, sacar toda la belleza que hasta ese momento nos había estado oculta.
Cuando miramos un poco más cerca, dentro de nuestro propio cuerpo, el arte y la ciencia se fusionan en puro sentimiento. El dolor, la alegría, la tristeza… nuestras neuronas nos conectan o nos desconectan de todo lo que podemos sentir. Son las que nos llevan a sentir el arte. Nuestro cuerpo tiene la increíble capacidad de curarse o de herirse a sí mismo. Y durante todo ese proceso, la ciencia lucha contra la propia naturaleza en una épica batalla que supera cualquier cuadro bélico jamás pintado.
Es curioso pensar cuántos de los científicos que conozco son aficionados o apasionados de la fotografía. Como si quisieran capturar cada uno de los momentos en los que han sentido el arte de lo que están viendo o estudiando. Algunos de ellos tienen un talento excepcional para captar la naturaleza de una forma salvaje o hermosa, más allá de la trascendencia de sus observaciones. Por eso, en muchos congresos científicos existen concursos de fotografía científica, en los que el objetivo no es lanzar un descubrimiento o plasmar un hito científico, sino simplemente deleitarse con la belleza y el arte que hay en un determinado campo de estudio.
Sin duda el ligalismo lleva mucho tiempo viviendo en los científicos. Y todo el que se acerque a la ciencia a través de la emoción que nos genera a muchos de nosotros, se acercará también al arte que siempre la acompaña de cerca.

Doctora en Microbiología ambiental. Presidenta de ECUSA en Washington DC (Científicos Españoles en Estados Unidos)

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